Please be sure to review the "Pre-Course Viewing" available on this and linked sites (click "To Energy Prep" ). This module is designed to familiarize you with the principles and application of both radiofrequency (RF) and ultrasonic energy for open and laparoscopic surgery. While the principles apply for hysteroscopic surgery there exist a number of unique issues that make it a separate topic to be discussed in the Hysteroscopic Module. 

1. Demonstrate the assembly of a radiofrequency system for monopolar hand instruments
2. Describe interactons between the electrodes and tissue with different waveforms and power settings
3. List the mechanisms of current diversion using monopolar instrumentation

1. Demonstrate the assembly of a radiofrequency system for laparoscopic monopolar instruments
2. Describe interactons between the electrodes and tissue with different waveforms and power settings
3. List the mechanisms of current diversion using monopolar instrumentation

1. Demonstrate the assembly of radiofrequency systems for generic laparoscopic bipolar hand instruments
2. Describe the RF waveform used for both generic and proprietary laparoscopic bipolar systems
3. Explain the mechanisms used in proprietary laparoscopic bipolar systems designed to optimize the tissue effect. 

1. Demonstrate the assembly of ultrasonic laparoscopic transaction and sealing systems 
2. Describe the mechanisms of action of ultrasound based transaction and sealing systems
3. List the potential complications associated with the use of ultrasound based transaction and sealing systems